National Identity of Afghanistan (Proud of being Afghan)
Baryali, Waiz
Baryali, Waiz
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Abstract
Studying my own country and its old tribal legacy made me more proud of my tribal and national identity r than before. Is the current system of democracy and leadership in Afghanistan able to withstand the pressure of traditional methods of power, as well as foreign interference? Responding to my question stimulated my knowledge and understanding of the complexity between Afghan tribal/Customary law and the Afghan constitutions. First of all, we are going to explore how Afghanistan’s first King Ahmad Shah Abdali was elected by the tribal leaders and how tribal laws became the country's higher law, higher than the constitution. Ethnic rivalry, civil war, Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Taliban regime, and foreign interference are aspects of this part of the thesis. Secondly, another important and crucial topic of the thesis is the Afghan constitution and legal system after the defeat of the Taliban by the U.S. intervention after 9/11 terrorist attack. Bonn Conference 2001 is the core of the this part, where all the leaders involved in the Afghan civil war, local commanders, and exiled Afghan were gathered. This event was under the United Nations and the United States surveillance to negotiate between the Afghan leaders to reach an agreement on a new government. However, the big error was not inviting the Taliban to the Bonn Conference where once they had control over 95 percent of Afghanistan for almost five years and their regime recognized by some countries. For example, Pakistan was the first country to recognize the Taliban's brutal regime and they are still supporting the Taliban militias in Afghanistan.
Finally, for the first time in 2004 Hamid Karzai was elected democratically as Afghan President. Therefore, the Presidential elections of 2014 are the core for the final part of the thesis, because for the first time in Afghanistan the peaceful transfer of power from Hamid Karzai to elected President Ashraf Ghani was handled democratically.
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Thesis (B.A. in Political Science, Minor in Communications)--John Cabot University, Spring 2020.
Date
2020
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Keywords
Ethnic groups, Social condition
Citation
Waiz, Baryali. "National Identity of Afghanistan (Proud of being Afghan)". BA Thesis, John Cabot University, Rome, Italy. 2020.