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Human Capital and R&d: Unlocking Innovative Entrepreneurship through Heis in Italy

Esposito, Piero
Ferrante, Francesco
Scicchitano, SergioOrcid icon
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Abstract
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are central to fostering innovative entrepreneurship and regional development by increasing human capital and facilitating knowledge transfer through R&D. This paper explores the interplay between graduate supply and R&D in driving innovative startup creation across Italian provinces (2015–2021). The findings highlight a synergy between these factors: public R&D boosts graduate impact in the South, while university R&D complements the dense graduate presence in the North. These dynamics call for tailored strategies to optimize HEIs’ roles as engines of economic growth, particularly in lagging regions.
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Open Access
Date
2025
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Keywords
Entrepreneurship, Higher education, Innovation, Startups, Knowledge
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Esposito, Piero, Francesco Ferrante, and Sergio Scicchitano. “Human Capital and R&d: Unlocking Innovative Entrepreneurship through Heis in Italy.” In Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Journal Scuola Democratica. Education and/for Social Justice. Vol. 1: Inequality, Inclusion, and Governance, edited by Scuola democratica, 127–37. Associazione “Per Scuola Democratica.” 2025.
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