Vayle, AlexandraJell-Ojobor, Maria2025-01-232025-01-232023Vayle, Alexandra, and Maria Jell-Ojobor. “Knowledge Attributes and Internationalization of E-Service Firms: Literature Review and Conceptual Model.” In Networks in International Business: Managing Cooperatives, Franchises and Alliances, edited by George WJ Hendrikse, Gérard Cliquet, Ilir Hajdini, Aveed Raha, and Josef Windsperger, 333–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2023.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18134-4_16https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14490/859While previous international business studies have addressed e-commerce in the form of online retail shopping, there is a lack of research on how e-service firms enter international markets. Our study attempts to address this gap by systematically analyzing the relevant literature and developing a conceptual model that explains the internationalization of e-service firms. Specifically, we explore how their specific knowledge attributes affect the internationalization process and the choice of entry mode of e-service firms. Our conceptual framework distinguishes hard and soft service components of e-service firms by two types of knowledge characteristics—codifiable firm know-how and non-codifiable (intangible) firm know-how. We develop three propositions on the entry mode choice of e-service firms—low-control modes, network modes, and high-control modes.enE-service internationalizationCodifiable knowledgeNon-codifiable knowledgeBook chapter