Scarpa, Silvia2025-02-252025-02-252015Scarpa, Silvia. “The Worst Forms of Child Labour in Cocoa Plantations in Côte d’Ivoire &Direct Obligations of Transnational Corporations.” In Human Rights and Business: Direct Corporate Accountability for Human Rights, edited by Jernej Letnar Černič and Tara Van Ho, 429–46. Oisterwijk: Wolf Legal Publishers (WLP). 2015.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14490/900The global business environment has changed rapidly in the past decades, but the human rights and business discourse has often lagged behind. At the international level, hard law regulations still seem decades away. United Nations initiatives such as the Guiding Principles and the UN Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises are more than a step in the right direction. However, they alone are insufficient to prevent violations and ensure victims receive justice. This edited book uses a broad and pluralistic understanding of direct human rights obligations, concentrating on legally enforceable standards. The enforceability can come directly from international law, through national legislation, or through non-state actors. The contributions engage both with the law as it is as well as the law as it needs to be developed. In doing so, the book challenges the current reticence to recognise direct human rights obligations of corporations by highlighting the various tools already available for remedying corporate human rights impacts while pushing for the development of further mechanisms.enHuman rightsTort liability of corporationsLiability for human rights violationsSocial responsibility of businessBook chapter