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Welcome to Hell: Avenues for international criminal responsibility for human rights violations during the first and second Chechen wars from 1994 to 2009
Kozlova, Daria
Kozlova, Daria
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Abstract
This thesis will focus on the aftermath of the two Russo-Chechen wars. Namely, their implications on the international legal order. Two Russian invasions in Chechnya were fundamentally overlooked by the international community, while one of the greatest human rights crises was happening in the “country in the country”. Tortures, murders, forced disappearances, arbitrary detentions, rape, mass shelling, and bombings of civilians – these were all military tactics deployed by the Russian military. Although the conflict was considered “local”, the international community had the right and opportunity to intervene and prevent these crimes from happening or in any way contribute to the justice restoration when the breaches were eventually discovered and documented by the Chechen human rights organizations and activists. While answering what are the implications of the first and second Russo-Chechen wars on international criminal responsibility and international legal order in terms of the protection of human rights, I will also touch upon on bigger challenges that this tiny territory fighting for its national liberational for centuries has posed. Among them are the limitations of the self-determination right’s exercise, the relations between political affairs and international law, and others. Despite the strictly analytical nature of this study, my thesis will not only try to recollect and organize as much data on the subject as possible but recognize and acknowledge the deeply human nature of this conflict. There is no history of the Russo-Chechen wars without Chechen women being raped by Russian soldiers and then committing suicide because their life was practically stolen. And there is no history without mass terrorist attacks organized by Chechen radical guerrilla groups in theatres and schools. This thesis does not aim to give an ethical evaluation of the actions of both sides but rather to explore the mechanisms of objective prevention and the assignment of responsibility neutrally and proportionally after such human rights tragedies.
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Thesis (B.A. in Political Science, Minor in Humanistic Studies)--John Cabot University, Fall 2022.
Date
2022
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Keywords
Chechen Civil War, War crimes
Citation
Kozlova, Daria. "Welcome to Hell: Avenues for international criminal responsibility for human rights violations during the first and second Chechen wars from 1994 to 2009". BA Thesis, John Cabot University, Rome, Italy. 2022.